{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Iteración usando for\n",
    "===\n",
    "\n",
    "* Duración de la lección: 14:09 min"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "cat 3\n",
      "window 6\n",
      "door 4\n",
      "abcdefg 7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre los elementos de una lista\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "words = [\"cat\", \"window\", \"door\", \"abcdefg\"]\n",
    "for word in words:\n",
    "    print(word, len(word))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a\n",
      "b\n",
      "c\n",
      "d\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre los elementos de una tupla\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "letters_tuple = (\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\")\n",
    "for letter in letters_tuple:\n",
    "    print(letter)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a\n",
      "e\n",
      "i\n",
      "o\n",
      "u\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre un string\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "for vowel in \"aeiou\":\n",
    "    print(vowel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre un entero (no iterable)\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a\n",
      "b\n",
      "c\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre un diccionario\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "my_dict = {\n",
    "    \"a\": 1,\n",
    "    \"b\": 2,\n",
    "    \"c\": 3,\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "for element in my_dict:\n",
    "    print(element)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a\n",
      "b\n",
      "c\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre las claves del diccionario\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "my_dict = {\n",
    "    \"a\": 1,\n",
    "    \"b\": 2,\n",
    "    \"c\": 3,\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "for key in my_dict.keys():\n",
    "    print(key)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre los valores del diccionario\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "my_dict = {\n",
    "    \"a\": 1,\n",
    "    \"b\": 2,\n",
    "    \"c\": 3,\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "for value in my_dict.values():\n",
    "    print(value)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('a', 1)\n",
      "('b', 2)\n",
      "('c', 3)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración sobre los items del diccionario\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "my_dict = {\n",
    "    \"a\": 1,\n",
    "    \"b\": 2,\n",
    "    \"c\": 3,\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "for item in my_dict.items():\n",
    "    print(item)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Iteración usando range()\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "for index in range(4):\n",
    "    print(index)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "range(0, 5)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# objeto range()\n",
    "#\n",
    "range(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Un rango puede convertirse en una lista\n",
    "# o una tupla para la visualización de su\n",
    "# contenido.\n",
    "#\n",
    "list(range(5))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sum(range(5))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(0, 1, 2, 3, 4)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Transformación del resultado del iterador\n",
    "# a una tupla\n",
    "#\n",
    "tuple(range(5))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# El rango puede empezar en un valor negativo.\n",
    "#\n",
    "tuple(range(-4, 6))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# El argumento end indica que al final del print\n",
    "# se imprime ', ' y no retorno de carro\n",
    "#\n",
    "for i in range(5, 10):\n",
    "    print(i, end=\", \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0, 3, 6, 9, "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# De 0 a 10 cada 3\n",
    "#\n",
    "for i in range(0, 10, 3):\n",
    "    print(i, end=\", \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "-10, -40, -70, "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Range con valores negativos.\n",
    "#\n",
    "for i in range(-10, -100, -30):\n",
    "    print(i, end=\", \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0 a\n",
      "1 b\n",
      "2 c\n",
      "3 d\n",
      "4 e\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Enumeración de los elementos en un ciclo for\n",
    "# ===============================================\n",
    "#\n",
    "# >>> MAL! <<<\n",
    "#\n",
    "list_a = [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\", \"e\"]\n",
    "for index in range(len(list_a)):\n",
    "    print(index, list_a[index])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0 a\n",
      "1 b\n",
      "2 c\n",
      "3 d\n",
      "4 e\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Bien!\n",
    "#\n",
    "for index, element in enumerate(list_a):\n",
    "    print(index, element)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(0, 'a')\n",
      "(1, 'b')\n",
      "(2, 'c')\n",
      "(3, 'd')\n",
      "(4, 'e')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for tupla in enumerate(list_a):\n",
    "    print(tupla)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      ">>> first element\n",
      "b\n",
      "c\n",
      "d\n",
      ">>> last element\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Exclusión del primer o ultimo elemento.\n",
    "#\n",
    "list_a = [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\", \"e\"]\n",
    "\n",
    "for element in list_a:\n",
    "\n",
    "    if element == list_a[0]:\n",
    "        print(\">>> first element\")\n",
    "        continue\n",
    "\n",
    "    if element == list_a[-1]:\n",
    "        print(\">>> last element\")\n",
    "        continue\n",
    "\n",
    "    print(element)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "b\n",
      "c\n",
      "d\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# El primer y el ultimo elemento no se\n",
    "# procesan en el for\n",
    "#\n",
    "for element in list_a[1:-1]:\n",
    "    print(element)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hola!\n",
      "Hola!\n",
      "Hola!\n",
      "Hola!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# Ciclo for con contador tácito\n",
    "#\n",
    "for _ in range(4):\n",
    "    print(\"Hola!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Comandos break y continue"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for n in range(1, 10):\n",
    "    if n < 4:\n",
    "        #\n",
    "        # Reinicia el ciclo for sin pasar\n",
    "        # por el resto del cuerpo\n",
    "        #\n",
    "        continue\n",
    "    #\n",
    "    # Solo pasa por aca cuando n >= 4.\n",
    "    #\n",
    "    print(n)\n",
    "    if n > 6:\n",
    "        #\n",
    "        # Interrupe el ciclo cuando n > 6.\n",
    "        #\n",
    "        break"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Comando pass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#\n",
    "# El cuerpo del for no tiene código. El ciclo\n",
    "# for se ejecuta pero no hace nada.\n",
    "#\n",
    "for _ in range(5):\n",
    "    pass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for index in range(10):\n",
    "    if index > 2 and index < 8:\n",
    "        pass\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print(index)"
   ]
  }
 ],
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